WD: General Information About Headers and Footers

ID: Q187355

The information in this article applies to:

SUMMARY

This article describes information about headers and footers. It addresses what headers and footers are, how they affect margin settings, how to position them, how to create them, and what different types of headers and footers exist.

MORE INFORMATION

What Are Headers and Footers?

A header or footer is text or graphics that is usually printed at the top or bottom of every page in a document. A header is printed in the top margin; a footer is printed in the bottom margin.insertdoubleparaHeaders and footers can be as simple as the document title and a page number, but you can create headers and footers that contain graphics, multiple paragraphs, and fields. You can specify a different header or footer for odd and even pages or use a different header or footer for the first page of a section or document. If you divide a document into sections, you can use different headers and footers in each section. For example, you might want the header for each section to reflect the title of that section.

Adding or Removing Headers and Footers

To create a header or footer, follow these steps:

1. On the View menu, click Header And Footer. Word displays the Header 

   And Footer toolbar and switches to Page Layout view.
2. To switch between the header and footer, click the "Switch Between 
   Header and Footer" button on the Header And Footer toolbar.
A non-printing dashed line encloses the header and footer areas. Text and graphics in the document are visible, but dimmed. To display or hide the document text, click the Show/Hide Document Text button on the Header And Footer toolbar.

You can type and format text in the header or footer area the same way you do in the main document. Once you have created your header or footer, click the Close button on the Header And Footer toolbar to return to the main part of the document. In Page Layout view, the headers and footers are visible, but appear dimmed.

To edit an existing header or footer, either click Header And Footer on the View menu, or in Page Layout view, double-click a dimmed header or footer, to switch quickly to the header or footer.

To delete a header or footer, follow these steps:

1. Position the insertion point somewhere in the main text area of the 

   document.
2. On the View menu, click Header And Footer.

3. Select the header or footer information you want to delete, and then 

   press DELETE or BACKSPACE (Windows) or DEL (Macintosh) on the keyboard.
4. To return to the document, click Close on the Header And Footer toolbar, 
   or double-click in the main text area of the document.

How Headers and Footers Affect Margin Settings

Word prints headers and footers in the top and bottom margins. If the header or footer is too large to fit in the margin, Word adjusts the top and bottom margin to accommodate the header or footer. That is, if the header or footer becomes too large to fit in the margin, it will start expanding downward (for the header) and upward (for the footer), reducing the amount of document text that can be displayed in the document window.

To prevent Word from moving the main document text (downward or upward) when the header or footer gets too large to fit in the margin, follow these steps:

1. On the File menu, click Page Setup (Windows) or Document Layout 

   (Macintosh 6.x).
2. Click the Margins tab.

3. In Word for Windows, type a hyphen (-) before the Top or Bottom margin 

   setting. Or, in Word for Macintosh version 6.x, select the Exactly
   option beside the Top or Bottom measurements.
NOTE: If the header or footer is too large, it may overwrite (superimpose) the main document text.

Positioning Headers and Footers

You may want to change the position of headers and footers.

You can change the horizontal position by:

The header and footer areas have two preset tab stops: centered between the default left and right margins (3 inches), and right-aligned at the default right margin (6 inches). These tab stops make it easy to center a chapter title or place the page number flush with the right margin. If you change the margins, you may want to adjust these tab stops.

To adjust the horizontal position of information inside a header or footer, follow these steps:

1. On the View menu, click Header And Footer.

2. On the Header And Footer toolbar, click the Show Next and Show Previous 

   buttons to find the header or footer that you want to adjust.
3. To position the header or footer, do one or more of the following: 

    - To create left-aligned text in a header or footer, type the text.
      The starting position for the insertion point is left-aligned with
      the left margin of the document.

    - To create center-aligned text in a header or footer, press the TAB
      key once to advance the insertion point to the center-aligned tab and
      type the text. The text you type will be centered on the tab.

    - To create right-aligned text in a header or footer, press the TAB key
      one more time to advance the insertion point to the right-aligned tab
      and type the text.

    - To create a header or footer that runs into the left or right
      margins, you can set negative indents as follows:

       a. On the Format menu, click Paragraph.

       b. Click the Indents And Spacing tab.

       c. Type a negative number for the left and/or right indentation.
          For example, if you want the left-aligned text in the header to
          start 0.5 inches into the left margin, type "-.5" (without the
          quotation marks) for the left indentation. A negative left
          indentation moves text into the left margin, whereas a negative
          right indentation moves text to the right, into the right
          margin.

    - To make additional adjustments to the alignment, use the
      alignment buttons on the Formatting toolbar, set different tab
      stops on the ruler, or drag the indent markers on the ruler.
You can change the vertical position by adjusting the header or footer starting distance from the top or bottom edge of the page. You can also adjust the amount of space between the header or footer and the text in the main document. To perform these adjustments, follow these steps:

1. Position the insertion point in the specific area in the document 

   that contains the header or footer that you want to adjust.
2. On the File menu, click Page Setup (Windows), or Document Layout 
   (Macintosh 6.x).

     a. To change the distance from the edge of page to the header or
        footer, change the From Edge setting. The default setting is 0.5
        inch. Increasing the setting moves the entire header or footer
        closer to the center of the document. Decreasing the setting moves
        the entire header or footer closer to the edge of the page.

     b. To change the distance between the document text and a header or
        footer, change the Top and Bottom margin settings. Increasing the
        top margin moves the document text farther down on the page, while
        leaving the header in the same location. Decreasing the top margin
        moves the text of the document father up on the page, while leaving
        the header in the same location. The same is true for the bottom
        margin and the footer.
3. To return to the document, click OK.

Different Types of Headers and Footers

First Page Headers and Footers:

To create a different header or footer for the first page of a document or section, follow these steps:

1. Position the insertion point on the first page of the document or 

   section, and then click Header And Footer on the View menu.
2. On the Header And Footer toolbar, click the Page Setup button (Windows) 
   or the Document Layout button (Macintosh).
3. Click the Layout tab.

4. Under Header And Footer, select the Different First Page check box, and 

   then click OK.
5. If necessary, click the Show Next or Show Previous buttons to move to 
   the first page header or first page footer in the document or section.
   The words "First Page Header" or "First Page Footer" appear in the
   upper left of the dotted Header or Footer box.
6. Create the header or footer you want to appear on the first page. If 
   you do not want a header or footer to appear on the first page, leave
   the header or footer area blank.
7. Click the Show Next button to move to the (non-First Page) Header or 
   Footer in the document or section. The words "Header" or "Footer"
   appear in the upper left of the dotted Header Or Footer box.
8. Create the header or footer that you want to appear in the rest of the 
   document or section. If you do not want a header or footer to appear in
   the rest of the document or section, leave the header or footer area
   blank.
9. To return to the document, click the Close button on the Header And 
   Footer toolbar.
Odd and Even Headers and Footers:

To create different headers and footers on odd and even pages, follow these steps:

1. On the View menu, click Header And Footer.

2. On the Header And Footer toolbar, click the Page Setup button (Windows) 

   or the Document Layout button (Macintosh).
3. Click the Layout tab.

4. Under Header And Footer, select the Different Odd And Even check box, 

   and click OK. Word applies the option to the entire document.
5. If necessary, click the Show Next or Show Previous buttons to move to an 
   even page header or footer. The words "Even Page Header" appear in the
   upper left of the dotted Header Or Footer box.
6. Create the header or footer that you want to appear in the even pages 
   of the document or section. If you do not want a header or footer to
   appear in the even pages of the document or section, leave the header
   or footer area blank.
7. Click the Show Next or Show Previous buttons to move to an odd header 
   or footer. The words "Odd Page Header" will appear in the upper left
   of the dotted Header or Footer box.
8. Create the header or footer that you want to appear in the odd pages of 
   the document or section. If you do not want a header or footer to
   appear in the odd pages of the document or section, leave the header or
   footer area blank.
9. To return to the document, click the Close button on the Header And 
   Footer toolbar.
For additional information about setting up different headers and footers for even or odd pages in Microsoft Word, please see the following article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 

   ARTICLE-ID: Q88404
   TITLE     : WD: Setting Up Different First Header/Footer for
               Even/Odd Pages

Different Headers and Footers for Sections of a Document

When you divide a document into sections, Word uses the headers and footers in the first section as the default for every subsequent section. All headers in the document and all footers in the document are initially connected so that their contents are identical. If you change the header in the third section of the document, for example, Word changes all headers in the entire document to match. When headers and footers in the section that contains the insertion point are connected to the previous section, the Same As Previous button on the Header And Footer toolbar is pushed in, and the words "Same As Previous" appear in the upper right of the dotted Header or Footer box.

If you want to create a different header or footer in one section, you must break the connection with the preceding header or footer by clicking the Same As Previous button on the Header And Footer toolbar. Word then uses the header or footer you create in the current section for all subsequent sections. If you decide that you want to re-establish the connection between the header or footer in the current section and the preceding headers or footers, click the Same As Previous button again. Word replaces the information contained in the current header or footer with the information in the previous header or footer.

Headers and footers from one section are automatically connected to headers and footers from the previous section until you click the Same As Previous button on the Header And Footer toolbar to turn the setting off. For example, Headers are connected to only the type of header called Header; they are not be connected to the type of header called First Page Header. First Page Header will be connected only to First Page Header.

The following are the different types of connections between headers and footers in a document:

For additional information about how to add section breaks in Microsoft Word, please see the following article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 

   ARTICLE-ID: Q141993
   TITLE     : WD: General Information About Section Breaks
To create a different header or footer for each section in a document, follow these steps:

1. Position the insertion point in the section with the header or footer 

   that you want to change (disconnect from the previous header or
   footer).
2. On the View menu, click Header And Footer.

3. Click the Same As Previous button on the Header And Footer toolbar to 

   disconnect headers and footers in the current section from the previous
   section. The words "Same As Previous" will disappear from the upper-
   right corner of the Header or Footer box.
4. Create the header and footer that you want for the current section. 

   NOTE: Word also inserts the header and footer in all sections following
   the current one. To create a different header or footer in the
   following sections, repeat steps 3 through 4 in each section.
5. To return to the document, click the Close button on the Header And 
   Footer toolbar.
To reconnect a header or footer with the preceding header or footer, follow these steps:

1. Position the insertion point in the section with the header or footer 

   that you want to connect to the preceding header or footer.
2. On the View menu, click Header And Footer.

3. On the Header And Footer toolbar, click the Same As previous button. 

   NOTE: When Word asks you to confirm that you want to delete the current
   header or footer and connect to the preceding header or footer, click
   Yes. The preceding header or footer is repeated in the current section.
4. To return to the document, click the Close button on the Header And 
   Footer toolbar.
For additional information about how to create templates with different types of headers or footers in Microsoft Word, please see the following article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 

   ARTICLE-ID: Q109681
   TITLE     : WD: Creating Templates With First Page or Odd/Even
               Header/Footer
For more information about headers and footers, in Word 97 and Word 98 Macintosh Edition, click the Office Assistant, type "header," click Search, and then click one of the topics.

NOTE: If the Assistant is hidden, click the Office Assistant button on the Standard toolbar. If Microsoft Help is not installed on your computer, please see the following article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 

   ARTICLE-ID: Q179216
   TITLE     : OFF98: How to Use the Microsoft Office Installer Program

REFERENCES

For more information about headers and footers, please see the following articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 

   ARTICLE-ID: Q85392
   TITLE     : Blank Page After Odd Page or Even Page Section Break

   ARTICLE-ID: Q113934
   TITLE     : Using Headers and Footers with Master Documents

   ARTICLE-ID: Q68618
   TITLE     : No Header or Footer on Even Page

   ARTICLE-ID: Q88404
   TITLE     : WD: Setting Up Different First Header/Footer for Even/Odd
               Pages

   ARTICLE-ID: Q159678
   TITLE     : WD97: Incorrect SectionPages Result with Background
               Printing
Microsoft Word "User's Guide," version 6.0, Chapter 11, "Creating Headers and Footers". 
Keywords          : kbdta kblayout 
Version           : MACINTOSH:6.0,6.0.1,6.0.1a; WINDOWS:6.0,6.0a,6.0c,7.0,7.0a; WINNT:6.0
Platform          : MACINTOSH WINDOWS winnt
Issue type        : kbinfo

Last Reviewed: February 12, 1999