XL: Visual Basic Example Using If and Case Statements

ID: Q141691

The information in this article applies to:

SUMMARY

In Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications, there are two statements that can be used to perform a conditional test: an If...Then...Else statement or a Select Case statement. The If...Then...Else statement executes a group of statements based on the value of an expression, while the Select Case statement executes one of several of statements based on the value of an expression.

MORE INFORMATION

Microsoft provides programming examples for illustration only, without warranty either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and/or fitness for a particular purpose. This article assumes that you are familiar with the programming language being demonstrated and the tools used to create and debug procedures. Microsoft support professionals can help explain the functionality of a particular procedure, but they will not modify these examples to provide added functionality or construct procedures to meet your specific needs. If you have limited programming experience, you may want to contact the Microsoft fee-based consulting line at (800) 936-5200. For more information about the support options available from Microsoft, please see the following page on the World Wide Web: 

   http://www.microsoft.com/support/supportnet/refguide/
The following examples show how to use the If...Then...Else and the Select Case statements.

Sample Macro Using If...Then...Else Statement

   Sub Using_IF()

      ' Dimension the variable.
      Dim x As Integer
      ' Place a value in x.
      x = Int(Rnd * 100)
      ' Test to see if x less than or equal to 10.
      If x <= 10 Then
         ' Display a message box.
         MsgBox "X is <=10"

      ' Test to see if x less than or equal to 40 and greater than 10.
      ElseIf x <= 40 And x > 10 Then
         MsgBox "X is <=40 and > 10"

      ' Test to see if x less than or equal to 70 and greater than 40.
      ElseIf x <= 70 And x > 40 Then
         MsgBox "X is <=70 and > 40"

      ' Test to see if x less than or equal to 100 and greater than 70.
      ElseIf x <= 100 And x > 70 Then
         MsgBox "X is <= 100 and > 70"

      ' If none of the above tests returned true.
      Else
         MsgBox "X does not fall within the range"
      End If

   End Sub

Sample Macro Using Select Case Statement

   Sub Using_Case()

      ' Dimension the variable.
      Dim x As Integer
      ' Place a value in x.
      x = Int(Rnd * 100)

      ' Start the Select Case structure.
      Select Case x

         ' Test to see if x less than or equal to 10.
         Case Is <= 10
            ' Display a message box.
            MsgBox "X is <=10"

         ' Test to see if x less than or equal to 40 and greater than 10.
         Case 11 To 40
            MsgBox "X is <=40 and > 10"

         ' Test to see if x less than or equal to 70 and greater than 40.
         Case 41 To 70
            MsgBox "X is <=70 and > 40"

         ' Test to see if x less than or equal to 100 and greater than 70.
         Case 71 To 100
            MsgBox "X is <= 100 and > 70"

         ' If none of the above tests returned true.
         Case Else
            MsgBox "X does not fall within the range"
      End Select

   End Sub

REFERENCES

For more information about controlling program flow, click Answer Wizard on the Help menu and type: 

   tell me about conditional programming
"Visual Basic User's Guide," version 5.0, Chapter 7, "Controlling How Your Code Runs"

Microsoft Press: "Microsoft Excel/Visual Basic Programmer's Guide", version 7.0, Chapter 3, "Controlling Program Flow"

In Microsoft Excel version 5.0, click Contents on the Help menu, click Programming With Visual Basic, then click the Search button and type: 

   if

    -or-

   case
For additional information about getting help with Visual Basic for Applications, please see the following article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 

   ARTICLE-ID: Q163435
   TITLE     : VBA: Programming Resources for Visual Basic for
               Applications
Additional query words: 5.00 5.00a 5.00c 7.00 logic 97 
Keywords          : kbprg kbdta kbdtacode PgmHowto KbVBA 
Version           : WINDOWS: 5.0, 5.0c, 7.0, 97; MACINTOSH: 5.0, 5.0a, 98
Platform          : MACINTOSH WINDOWS
Issue type        : kbhowto

Last Reviewed: May 17, 1999