DOCERR: MarkMIDI Utility Not Provided in Win32 SDKID: Q141087
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The Win32 SDK multimedia documentation refers to the MarkMIDI utility
in the following topics:
Using the MARKMIDI Utility
Using the MCI MIDI Sequencer with High-Level Audio
Authoring Guidelines for MIDI Files
Due to advances in the MIDI capabilities of PC sound cards and MIDI
synthesizers and in particular support for the General MIDI Level 1
specification, the authoring of MIDI files according to the old Microsoft
Windows 3.1 SDK Authoring Guidelines for MIDI Files is no longer
recommended. Thus, the purpose for which MarkMIDI was designed (to set a
flag in the header of such files) is no longer required. Also, the
incorrect use of this utility can degrade the playback quality of MIDI
files authored according to the General MIDI (GM) specification. Therefore
it was decided to no longer include this utility in the Win32 SDK.
The information in the Win32 SDK topics regarding authoring MIDI files is
obsolete information from the Windows 3.1 SDK documentation. It should be
followed only if there is some special reason to author a file according to
the old Windows 3.1 guidelines. In general, however, only GM files (or
extensions to GM such as Roland's GS or Yamaha's XG specification) should
be authored, and for these files the MarkMIDI utility must not be used.
MIDI files authored according to the old Windows 3.1 guidelines have MIDI
data on channels 1 through 10, with channel 10 being percussion, and
important MIDI data is duplicated on Channels 11 through 16, with 16 being
percussion. For such files, the MarkMIDI utility from the Windows 3.1 SDK
absolutely must be used to mark the files. The MCI sequencer (Mciseq.drv)
checks for the flag set by MarkMIDI so that it knows to play back only MIDI
channels 1 through 10. Without the flag, all 16 channels are played back as
GM, and track 16 plays back incorrectly.
Most synthesizers and PC sound cards now support GM, which provides better
sound quality than is derived from files authored according to the old
Windows 3.1 guidelines. In general, there should be no reason to author
MIDI files with MarkMIDI according to the old Windows 3.1 guidelines.
If a MIDI file authored according to the old Windows 3.1 guidelines is not
marked, it will sound bad when played with the MCI sequencer on Windows 95.
For example, if such a file included percussion on channel 16, all of that
channel's data would probably be played with some instrumental sound other
than percussion, and the result would be non-musical. Also, if a GM file
has been marked, the MCI sequencer will only play channels 1 through 10. In
that case, any MIDI data sent to channels 11 through 16 will not be heard.
The General MIDI specification referred to in this article is not available
from Microsoft. It is published by and is copyrighted material of the MIDI
Manufacturers Association (MMA). For information on obtaining this and
other MIDI specifications from the MMA, please see the following article in
the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
Q140203 How to Obtain MIDI Specifications
Additional query words: 4.00 3.50
Keywords : kbmm MMMidi
Version : 4.00 | 3.50 3.51
Platform : NT WINDOWS
Issue type : Last Reviewed: March 6, 1999