DOCUMENT:Q24955 06-MAY-2001 [masm] TITLE :Results of not Specifying a Starting Address PRODUCT :Microsoft Macro Assembler PROD/VER::3.0x,4.x,5.0,5.1,6.0,6.0a,6.0b OPER/SYS: KEYWORDS: ====================================================================== ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The information in this article applies to: - Microsoft Macro Assembler (MASM), versions 3.0x, 4.x, 5.0, 5.1, 6.0, 6.0a, 6.0b ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY ======= If a starting address is not explicitly specified, then the starting address will be one of the following: 1. The beginning of the code if the simplified segment directives .model and .code are used (MASM 5.0 and later). -or- 2. The first segment loaded into memory if full segment directives are used. This will result in the execution of the data segment if it is the first segment loaded and the results will be unpredictable. Versions of the linker prior to version 5.05 do not warn if a starting address is not specified. Link version 5.13 (shipped with MASM 6.0) issues the following warning: L4038: program has no starting address MORE INFORMATION ================ The END directive is used to mark the end of the source file and can optionally be used to set the starting address which will be loaded into CS:IP when the program executes. For example END start would specify that execution should begin at the label named start. Additional query words: kbinf 3.x 4.x 5.00 5.10 6.00 6.00a 6.00b ====================================================================== Keywords : Technology : kbMASMsearch kbAudDeveloper kbMASM510 kbMASM600 kbMASM30xSearch kbMASM500 kbMASM600a kbMASM600b Version : :3.0x,4.x,5.0,5.1,6.0,6.0a,6.0b ============================================================================= THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THE MICROSOFT KNOWLEDGE BASE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. MICROSOFT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL MICROSOFT CORPORATION OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER INCLUDING DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS OR SPECIAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF MICROSOFT CORPORATION OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES SO THE FOREGOING LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY. Copyright Microsoft Corporation 2001.