DOCUMENT:Q39501  25-JUL-2001  [visualc]
TITLE   :Simple Example Using _bios_serialcom()
PRODUCT :Microsoft C Compiler
PROD/VER:winnt:
OPER/SYS:
KEYWORDS:kb16bitonly

======================================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The information in this article applies to:

 - The C Run-Time (CRT), included with:
    - Microsoft C for MS-DOS, versions 5.1, 6.0, 6.0a, 6.0ax 
    - Microsoft C/C++ for MS-DOS, version 7.0 
    - Microsoft Visual C++, versions 1.0, 1.5 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY
=======

Below is an example of using the C run-time library function _bios_serialcom()
to transmit and receive a single character over the serial-communications port
COM1.

The _bios_serialcom() routine simply calls the PC's ROM BIOS interrupt 14h. On
most PCs, these routines are not interrupt-driven or buffered. As a result,
characters may be lost if a significant amount of processing occurs between
status checks and reads and/or when receiving very high-speed transmissions,
1200 baud is the recommended maximum. Although Microsoft does not provide
interrupt-driven serial I/O routines with our C compilers, there are several
third-parties that do. A partial listing is available in the Language Support
Directory that comes with the compiler.

For additional information about ROM BIOS calls, please refer to "IBM ROM BIOS"
by Ray Duncan, published by Microsoft Press.

If ROM BIOS routines are not operating as expected, you may need to contact the
company that supplied the BIOS for your particular machine.

MORE INFORMATION
================

Sample Code
-----------

   /* Compile options needed: none
    - The following program is a simple example which sends and receives
      one character to/from COM1:
   */ 

   #include <stdio.h>
   #include <bios.h>

   void main(void)
   {
       unsigned com1_status;
       unsigned com1_send;
       unsigned com1_rec;
       unsigned com1_init;
       int result, mask;

       /* open serial port at 1200 baud, 8 data bits,
       ** No parity, 1 stop bit */ 
       com1_init = _bios_serialcom(_COM_INIT, 0,
           _COM_CHR8 | _COM_NOPARITY | _COM_STOP1 | _COM_1200);
       printf("Init status: 0x%4.4X\n", com1_init);

       /* send an '*' to com1 */ 
       com1_send = _bios_serialcom(_COM_SEND, 0, '*');
       printf("Send status: 0x%4.4X\n", com1_send);

       mask = 0x6100;
       /* value used to mask:
       *    bits 0-7 are related to modems,
       *    bits 8-15 are for port status,
       *      check to see that the following bits are set:
       *         8 (data ready)
       *        13 (Transmission-hold  register empty)
       *        14 (Transmission-shift register empty)
       */ 

       /* check the status */ 
       com1_status = _bios_serialcom(_COM_STATUS, 0, 0);
       printf("COM1 status: 0x%4.4X\n", com1_status);

       /* wait until a character is ready */ 
       do {
           /* check the status */ 
           com1_status = _bios_serialcom(_COM_STATUS, 0, 0);

           /* mask off the low order byte of com1_status */ 
           com1_status = com1_status & 0xFF00;
       } while( (mask & com1_status) == 0);

       /* get a character */ 
       com1_rec =  _bios_serialcom(_COM_RECEIVE, 0, 0);
       printf("Read status: 0x%4.4X\n", com1_rec);

       /* print the character we just received */ 
       result = com1_rec & 0x00FF;
       printf("Character: 0x%2.2X  =  %c\n", result, (char)result);
   }

Additional query words: kbinf 5.10 6.00 6.00a 6.00ax 7.00 1.00 1.50

======================================================================
Keywords          : kb16bitonly 
Technology        : kbVCsearch kbAudDeveloper kbCRT
Version           : winnt:

=============================================================================

THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THE MICROSOFT KNOWLEDGE BASE IS
PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.  MICROSOFT DISCLAIMS
ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  IN NO
EVENT SHALL MICROSOFT CORPORATION OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER INCLUDING DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL, LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS OR SPECIAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF
MICROSOFT CORPORATION OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.  SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION
OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES
SO THE FOREGOING LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY.

Copyright Microsoft Corporation 2001.